This PR cleans up the CI build system and fixes a couple of issues.

- The go tool launcher code has been moved to internal/build. With the new
  toolchain functions, the environment of the host Go (i.e. the one that built
  ci.go) and the target Go (i.e. the toolchain downloaded by -dlgo) are isolated
  more strictly. This is important to make cross compilation and -dlgo work
  correctly in more cases.
- The -dlgo option now skips the download and uses the host Go if the running Go
  version matches dlgoVersion exactly.
- The 'test' command now supports -dlgo, -cc and -arch. Running unit tests with
  foreign GOARCH is occasionally useful. For example, it can be used to run
  32-bit tests on Windows. It can also be used to run darwin/amd64 tests on
  darwin/arm64 using Rosetta 2.
- The 'aar', 'xcode' and 'xgo' commands now use a slightly different method to
  install external tools. They previously used `go get`, but this comes with the
  annoying side effect of modifying go.mod. They now use `go install` instead,
  which is the recommended way of installing tools without modifying the local
  module.
- The old build warning about outdated Go version has been removed because we're
  much better at keeping backwards compatibility now.

This new flag downloads a known version of Go and builds with it. This
is meant for environments where we can't easily upgrade the installed Go
version.

* .travis.yml: remove install step for PR test builders

We added this step originally to avoid re-building everything
for every test. go test has become much smarter in recent go
releases, so we no longer need to install anything here.

speicifc -> specific
assigened -> assigned
frobenious -> frobenius

* build: remove env.sh

This removes the dirty symlink-to-self hack we've had for years. The
script was added to enable building without GOPATH and did that job
reliably for all this time. We can remove the workaround because modern
Go supports building without GOPATH natively.

* Makefile: add GO111MODULE=on to environment

* build: use golangci-lint

This changes build/ci.go to download and run golangci-lint instead
of gometalinter.

* core/state: fix unnecessary conversion

* p2p/simulations: fix lock copying (found by go vet)

* signer/core: fix unnecessary conversions

* crypto/ecies: remove unused function cmpPublic

* core/rawdb: remove unused function print

* core/state: remove unused function xTestFuzzCutter

* core/vm: disable TestWriteExpectedValues in a different way

* core/forkid: remove unused function checksum

* les: remove unused type proofsData

* cmd/utils: remove unused functions prefixedNames, prefixFor

* crypto/bn256: run goimports

* p2p/nat: fix goimports lint issue

* cmd/clef: avoid using unkeyed struct fields

* les: cancel context in testRequest

* rlp: delete unreachable code

* core: gofmt

* internal/build: simplify DownloadFile for Go 1.11 compatibility

* build: remove go test --short flag

* .travis.yml: disable build cache

* whisper/whisperv6: fix ineffectual assignment in TestWhisperIdentityManagement

* .golangci.yml: enable goconst and ineffassign linters

* build: print message when there are no lint issues

* internal/build: refactor download a bit

* build: bump PPAs to Go 1.13 (via longsleep), keep Trusty on 1.11

* travis, build, vendor: use own Go bundle for PPA builds

* travis, build, internal, vendor: smarter Go bundler, own untar

* build: updated ci-notes with new Go bundling, only make, don't test

Most of these changes are related to the Go 1.13 changes to test binary
flag handling. 

* cmd/geth: make attach tests more reliable

This makes the test wait for the endpoint to come up by polling
it instead of waiting for two seconds.

* tests: fix test binary flags for Go 1.13

Calling flag.Parse during package initialization is prohibited
as of Go 1.13 and causes test failures. Call it in TestMain instead.

* crypto/ecies: remove useless -dump flag in tests

* p2p/simulations: fix test binary flags for Go 1.13

Calling flag.Parse during package initialization is prohibited
as of Go 1.13 and causes test failures. Call it in TestMain instead.

* build: remove workaround for ./... vendor matching

This workaround was necessary for Go 1.8. The Go 1.9 release changed
the expansion rules to exclude vendored packages.

* Makefile: use relative path for GOBIN

This makes the "Run ./build/bin/..." line look nicer.

* les: fix test binary flags for Go 1.13

Calling flag.Parse during package initialization is prohibited
as of Go 1.13 and causes test failures. Call it in TestMain instead.

* Fix commit extraction

* Comments for commit extraction

Requested in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/18315

* bump azure-storage-blob-go dependency to 0.3.0 release

* update azure-storage-blob-go module import path

* fix multiple return values on azblob.NewSharedKeyCredential

* vendor: bump Azure libs to latest from upstream

* add-date-to unstable

* fields-insteadof-split

* internal/build: support building with missing git

* docker: add git history back to support commit date in version

* internal/build: use PR commits hashes for PR builds

build: rename swarm deb package to ethereum-swarm; change swarm deb version from 1.8.x to 0.3.x (#16988)

* build: add support for different package and binary names

* build: bump up copyright date

* build: change default PackageName to empty string

* build, internal, swarm: enhance build/release process

* build: hack ethereum-swarm as a "depends" in deb package

* build/ci: remove redundant variables

* build, cmd, mobile, params, swarm: remove VERSION file; rename Version to VersionMeta;

* internal: remove VERSION() method which reads VERSION file

* build: fix VersionFilePath to Version

* Makefile: remove clean_go_build_cache.sh until it works

* Makefile: revert removal of clean_go_build_cache.sh

* .dockerignore, internal/build: Read git information directly from file

This commit changes the way of retrieving git commit and branch for build
environment from running git command to reading git files directly.

This commit also adds required git files into Docker build context.

fixes: #15346

* .dockerignore: workaround for including some files in .git

This commit adds a build step to travis to auto-delete unstable archives older than
14 days (our regular release schedule) from Azure via ci.go purge.

The commit also pulls in the latest Azure storage code, also switching over from
the old import path (github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go) to the new split one
(github.com/Azure/azure-storage-go).

This fixes a recent bug where 'make geth' built everything instead of
just geth.

There is no need to depend on the old context package now that the
minimum Go version is 1.7. The move to "context" eliminates our weird
vendoring setup. Some vendored code still uses golang.org/x/net/context
and it is now vendored in the normal way.

This change triggered new vet checks around context.WithTimeout which
didn't fire with golang.org/x/net/context.

This should restore support for building with git 1.x.

I didn't add this initially because the command I tried was too slow.
The 'git for-each-ref ...' invocation takes 40ms on my machine. That
ought to be acceptable.

archiveUpload did not handle absolute paths correctly. Fix it by using
the basename and ensure that uploads can be tested using -n.

This commit adds support for creating Windows installers to ci.go

* travis.yml: don't create darwin/386 builds

* build: remove godep remains

* internal/build: improve archives

- enable compression for zip files
- don't write half-complete archives

* build: add -unstable to archive names

This commit converts the dependency management from Godeps to the vendor
folder, also switching the tool from godep to trash. Since the upstream tool
lacks a few features proposed via a few PRs, until those PRs are merged in
(if), use github.com/karalabe/trash.

You can update dependencies via trash --update.

All dependencies have been updated to their latest version.

Parts of the build system are reworked to drop old notions of Godeps and
invocation of the go vet command so that it doesn't run against the vendor
folder, as that will just blow up during vetting.

The conversion drops OpenCL (and hence GPU mining support) from ethash and our
codebase. The short reasoning is that there's noone to maintain and having
opencl libs in our deps messes up builds as go install ./... tries to build
them, failing with unsatisfied link errors for the C OpenCL deps.

golang.org/x/net/context is not vendored in. We expect it to be fetched by the
user (i.e. using go get). To keep ci.go builds reproducible the package is
"vendored" in build/_vendor.