all: prefer `new(big.Int)` over `big.NewInt(0)` (#25087)

minor performance improvement: `big.NewInt(0).Xxx` -> `new(big.Int).Xxx`

accounts/abi/unpack.go

@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func toGoType(index int, t Type, output []byte) (interface{}, error) {
 
 // lengthPrefixPointsTo interprets a 32 byte slice as an offset and then determines which indices to look to decode the type.
 func lengthPrefixPointsTo(index int, output []byte) (start int, length int, err error) {
-	bigOffsetEnd := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(output[index : index+32])
+	bigOffsetEnd := new(big.Int).SetBytes(output[index : index+32])
 	bigOffsetEnd.Add(bigOffsetEnd, common.Big32)
 	outputLength := big.NewInt(int64(len(output)))
 
@@ -268,11 +268,9 @@ func lengthPrefixPointsTo(index int, output []byte) (start int, length int, err
 	}
 
 	offsetEnd := int(bigOffsetEnd.Uint64())
-	lengthBig := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(output[offsetEnd-32 : offsetEnd])
+	lengthBig := new(big.Int).SetBytes(output[offsetEnd-32 : offsetEnd])
 
-	totalSize := big.NewInt(0)
-	totalSize.Add(totalSize, bigOffsetEnd)
-	totalSize.Add(totalSize, lengthBig)
+	totalSize := new(big.Int).Add(bigOffsetEnd, lengthBig)
 	if totalSize.BitLen() > 63 {
 		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("abi: length larger than int64: %v", totalSize)
 	}
@@ -287,7 +285,7 @@ func lengthPrefixPointsTo(index int, output []byte) (start int, length int, err
 
 // tuplePointsTo resolves the location reference for dynamic tuple.
 func tuplePointsTo(index int, output []byte) (start int, err error) {
-	offset := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(output[index : index+32])
+	offset := new(big.Int).SetBytes(output[index : index+32])
 	outputLen := big.NewInt(int64(len(output)))
 
 	if offset.Cmp(outputLen) > 0 {

accounts/abi/unpack_test.go

@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ func TestMultiReturnWithStringArray(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	buff := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	buff.Write(common.Hex2Bytes("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"))
-	temp, _ := big.NewInt(0).SetString("30000000000000000000", 10)
+	temp, _ := new(big.Int).SetString("30000000000000000000", 10)
 	ret1, ret1Exp := new([3]*big.Int), [3]*big.Int{big.NewInt(1545304298), big.NewInt(6), temp}
 	ret2, ret2Exp := new(common.Address), common.HexToAddress("ab1257528b3782fb40d7ed5f72e624b744dffb2f")
 	ret3, ret3Exp := new([2]string), [2]string{"Ethereum", "Hello, Ethereum!"}

cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (c *Chain) Len() int {
 // TD calculates the total difficulty of the chain at the
 // chain head.
 func (c *Chain) TD() *big.Int {
-	sum := big.NewInt(0)
+	sum := new(big.Int)
 	for _, block := range c.blocks[:c.Len()] {
 		sum.Add(sum, block.Difficulty())
 	}
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func (c *Chain) TD() *big.Int {
 // TotalDifficultyAt calculates the total difficulty of the chain
 // at the given block height.
 func (c *Chain) TotalDifficultyAt(height int) *big.Int {
-	sum := big.NewInt(0)
+	sum := new(big.Int)
 	if height >= c.Len() {
 		return sum
 	}

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go

@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 			minerReward.Add(minerReward, perOmmer)
 			// Add (8-delta)/8
 			reward := big.NewInt(8)
-			reward.Sub(reward, big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(ommer.Delta))
+			reward.Sub(reward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(ommer.Delta))
 			reward.Mul(reward, blockReward)
 			reward.Div(reward, big.NewInt(8))
 			statedb.AddBalance(ommer.Address, reward)

consensus/ethash/consensus_test.go

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func TestDifficultyCalculators(t *testing.T) {
 	for i := 0; i < 5000; i++ {
 		// 1 to 300 seconds diff
 		var timeDelta = uint64(1 + rand.Uint32()%3000)
-		diffBig := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(randSlice(2, 10))
+		diffBig := new(big.Int).SetBytes(randSlice(2, 10))
 		if diffBig.Cmp(params.MinimumDifficulty) < 0 {
 			diffBig.Set(params.MinimumDifficulty)
 		}

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -2764,7 +2764,7 @@ func BenchmarkBlockChain_1x1000ValueTransferToNonexisting(b *testing.B) {
 		numBlocks = 1
 	)
 	recipientFn := func(nonce uint64) common.Address {
-		return common.BigToAddress(big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(1337 + nonce))
+		return common.BigToAddress(new(big.Int).SetUint64(1337 + nonce))
 	}
 	dataFn := func(nonce uint64) []byte {
 		return nil
@@ -2781,7 +2781,7 @@ func BenchmarkBlockChain_1x1000ValueTransferToExisting(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
 	recipientFn := func(nonce uint64) common.Address {
-		return common.BigToAddress(big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(1337))
+		return common.BigToAddress(new(big.Int).SetUint64(1337))
 	}
 	dataFn := func(nonce uint64) []byte {
 		return nil
@@ -2798,7 +2798,7 @@ func BenchmarkBlockChain_1x1000Executions(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
 	recipientFn := func(nonce uint64) common.Address {
-		return common.BigToAddress(big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(0xc0de))
+		return common.BigToAddress(new(big.Int).SetUint64(0xc0de))
 	}
 	dataFn := func(nonce uint64) []byte {
 		return nil

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ type RPCTransaction struct {
 // newRPCTransaction returns a transaction that will serialize to the RPC
 // representation, with the given location metadata set (if available).
 func newRPCTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, blockHash common.Hash, blockNumber uint64, index uint64, baseFee *big.Int, config *params.ChainConfig) *RPCTransaction {
-	signer := types.MakeSigner(config, big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(blockNumber))
+	signer := types.MakeSigner(config, new(big.Int).SetUint64(blockNumber))
 	from, _ := types.Sender(signer, tx)
 	v, r, s := tx.RawSignatureValues()
 	result := &RPCTransaction{

rlp/decode_test.go

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ type ignoredField struct {
 
 var (
 	veryBigInt = new(big.Int).Add(
-		big.NewInt(0).Lsh(big.NewInt(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF), 16),
+		new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF), 16),
 		big.NewInt(0xFFFF),
 	)
 	veryVeryBigInt = new(big.Int).Exp(veryBigInt, big.NewInt(8), nil)

rlp/encode_test.go

@@ -119,15 +119,15 @@ var encTests = []encTest{
 	{val: big.NewInt(0xFFFFFFFFFFFF), output: "86FFFFFFFFFFFF"},
 	{val: big.NewInt(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF), output: "87FFFFFFFFFFFFFF"},
 	{
-		val:    big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(unhex("102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F2")),
+		val:    new(big.Int).SetBytes(unhex("102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F2")),
 		output: "8F102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F2",
 	},
 	{
-		val:    big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(unhex("0100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000D000E01")),
+		val:    new(big.Int).SetBytes(unhex("0100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000D000E01")),
 		output: "9C0100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000D000E01",
 	},
 	{
-		val:    big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(unhex("010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")),
+		val:    new(big.Int).SetBytes(unhex("010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")),
 		output: "A1010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
 	},
 	{

signer/core/api_test.go

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func (ui *headlessUi) ApproveTx(request *core.SignTxRequest) (core.SignTxRespons
 	case "M": // modify
 		// The headless UI always modifies the transaction
 		old := big.Int(request.Transaction.Value)
-		newVal := big.NewInt(0).Add(&old, big.NewInt(1))
+		newVal := new(big.Int).Add(&old, big.NewInt(1))
 		request.Transaction.Value = hexutil.Big(*newVal)
 		return core.SignTxResponse{request.Transaction, true}, nil
 	default:

signer/fourbyte/validation_test.go

@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ func mixAddr(a string) (*common.MixedcaseAddress, error) {
 	return common.NewMixedcaseAddressFromString(a)
 }
 func toHexBig(h string) hexutil.Big {
-	b := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(common.FromHex(h))
+	b := new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.FromHex(h))
 	return hexutil.Big(*b)
 }
 func toHexUint(h string) hexutil.Uint64 {
-	b := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(common.FromHex(h))
+	b := new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.FromHex(h))
 	return hexutil.Uint64(b.Uint64())
 }
 func dummyTxArgs(t txtestcase) *apitypes.SendTxArgs {

signer/rules/rules_test.go

@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ func dummyTx(value hexutil.Big) *core.SignTxRequest {
 }
 
 func dummyTxWithV(value uint64) *core.SignTxRequest {
-	v := big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(value)
+	v := new(big.Int).SetUint64(value)
 	h := hexutil.Big(*v)
 	return dummyTx(h)
 }
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ func TestLimitWindow(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 	// 0.3 ether: 429D069189E0000 wei
-	v := big.NewInt(0).SetBytes(common.Hex2Bytes("0429D069189E0000"))
+	v := new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.Hex2Bytes("0429D069189E0000"))
 	h := hexutil.Big(*v)
 	// The first three should succeed
 	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {